A new study finds significant disparities by race and gender in the enrollment of patients into lung cancer clinical trials. Published in the January 15, 2006 issue of CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, the study indicates that women and African-Americans were least likely to enroll in treatment trials for lung cancer, and identifies a need to improve educational and outreach efforts to make clinical trials available to a wider range of patients. To evaluate the enrollment rate and the factors predicting enrollment, Wei Du, Ph.D., and colleagues from Wayne State University reviewed data from 427 lung cancer patients (175 African-Americans and 252 from other races) who were eligible for clinical trials between 1994 and 1998 at one center, the Karmanos Cancer Institute in Detroit.