RIVUR stands for Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux, a condition in which urine backflows from the bladder into the kidney during urination. Vesicoureteral Reflux is found in 30 percent to 50 percent of children who have had a urinary tract infection, and is thought to increase the risk of kidney damage when children have recurrent UTIs. The study focused on standardizing pediatric antibiotic use to reduce the risk of recurrent febrile urinary tract infections in children.

A paper published in the Jan. 7, 2016, issue of the Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology, based on RIVUR data, provides a comprehensive evaluation of renal scarring outcomes in RIVUR trial participants.